Pablo Picasso is widely
considered the greatest artist of the 20th Century; he was also its
greatest graphic artist. His published approximately 2,000 different images
pulled from metal, stone and other media. The cataloguer of Picasso's prints,
Georges Bloch, has observed: "Picasso is truly revealed by following the
genesis of his work from one date to another. All his phases and styles, which
we use as landmarks, are in reality only successive stages of a continuity that
constitutes the phenomenon of Picasso."
Picasso spent the first forty
years of his work in prints exploring the various intaglio media, experimenting
only occasionally with lithography, but in the latter part of 1945 the artist
took up residence in the Mourlot studio on the Rue de Chabrol, Paris and began
printing his finest lithographs with the help of this master printer.
Lithography offered Picasso the chance to rework an image on the same printing
surface and so preserve the complete evolution of the composition.
Picasso's graphic art evolved
from his early association with such master printers as Eugene Delatre, Louis
Forn and above all, Roger Lacouriere. Picasso rapidly discovered his own
technical and visual vocabulary however and after acquiring his own press he
was able to explore the secrets of printmaking in his own fashion. This
constant experimentation with new materials and techniques adds another
exciting dimension to the appreciation of his prints.
The final triumph of Picasso
the printmaker was his development of the linocut. Picasso's invention in 1959
of the one-block technique of linocut printing enabled him to achieve
brilliantly and richly colored works on paper. Like wood block printing the
linoleum is cut away from the flat surface of the block except those areas
that, when inked and printed, articulate the components of the composition.
Softer, more supple and lighter in weight than wood, linoleum can be cut,
gouged and slashed with greater speed and much less effort than wood. This
material and process suited Picasso's temperament well.
The most important group of
prints produced by Picasso was the Vollard Suite, published by the highly
influential French publisher, Ambrose Vollard. This suite published in 1933 and
containing dozens of imprinted images, is the greatest formal group of prints
produced in the 20th Century.
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